Answer Key to Unit 1

Page 5
Exercise 2.
a.
Poor: penniless, poverty-stricken, improverished, badly off, broke, skint, hard up
Mean: stingy, tight-fisted, penny-pinching, miserly
Rich: wealthy, well off, prosperous, comfortable, loaded, affluent
c.
informal: stingy, loaded, tight-fisted, broke, skint, hard up
d.
noun forms: wealth, prosperity, stinginess, comfort, affluence

Exercise 3
1. To gain money by working / to gain money through a competition, etc. as a prize
2. An allowance given to children by parents / simple to earn
3. Set aside for the future; avoid wasteful spending / throw away money on silly things
4. Have cash in one's pocket, purse, etc. / be rich
5. Get value for money / support what you say with appropriate action
6. Money has power / money isn't in endless supply

Exercise 4
Loan: money lent that must be paid back
Grant: sum given by the state or company to pay for educational study
Expenses: money spent on necessary items
Rent: money paid weekly or monthly for accommodation
Mortgage: loan given by a bank, etc. to buy property
Interest: a charge for using borrowed money
Taxes: money paid to the government according to your income or property owned
Fee: amount paid for a professional service
Deposit: sum paid as security when buying, e.g. on credit
Profit: money gained from doing business
Salary: amount paid monthly by company to employee
Pension: weekly or monthly amount from the state or private company paid to retired people
Inheritance: money, property, etc. received from someone who has died
Fare: amount paid to travel on transport
Fine: a penalty for breaking rules / the law
Wages: weekly payment for work or services
Tip: payment left in a restaurant, etc. for good service


READING
Exercise 1
a.
Text A is about a woman winning a million pounds on a TV quiz show; it is from a newspaper.
Text B is from a leaflet or brochure about the services offered by a bank.
Text C is a magazine article about teenagers making money in e-business

Exercise 3
Text A:
Appeal: ability to please or interest
Scooping: winning
Sound: good, sensible
Gamble: to risk / to take a chance
Intensified: increased
Tidy sum: a considerable amount of money
Text B:
Account: sum of money kept by a customer with a bank
Key: means of using
Access: to use
Secure: safe
Excluding: apart from, not including
Text C:
Fortunes: great amounts of money
Bother: to annoy
Driven: motivated
Invention: new

Exercise 4
a.
Keppel's age; what she would have won if she'd answered the last question incorrectly; the number of hours per day various band services are available; the number of hours per week the teenage millionaires work
b.
Henry II; Businesscall; in the bath / launderette; Microsoft

Exercise 5
A. They were showing ads; Mrs Keppel was waiting in suspense.
B. Business people: your business finances, etc.
C. Don't misunderstand me; informal; kids, I'm, you.


GRAMMAR
Exercise 1
a.
Verbs + inf: expect, hope, offer, promise
Verbs + ing: avoid, consider, dislike, practice
b.
To inf: aim, afford, appear, choose, claim, dare, decide, fail, happen, intend, pretend, threaten, refuse, seem
-ing: admit, deny, fancy, mind, miss, resent, resist, risk, suggest

Exercise 2
a.
1. changed activity, continuation of the same activity
2. regret about what you're about to say, regret about a past action
3. stopped one action to do another, did not continue running
4. Will always remember something from the past, will remember to do something in the future
5. intended, entailed / involved
6. chooses to do, enjoys
7. the remembering before the action, the action before the remembering
8. attempted unsuccessfully, experimented to see if it helped the situation
9. heard part of the action, heard the whole action
Other verbs like Hear: see, watch, feel, notice, observe, overhear

Exercise 3
a.
1. taught my sister
2. helped her
3. pretended
4. agreed
5. caused it
6. hoped
7. wanted him

b.
The object is optional in 2 and 7. Without the object in 2, we do not know who the speaker helps. With the object in 7 he pays for the dress; without the object she pays.

Exercise 4
1. Us to work, sharing
2. Talking, to speak
3. Her to think, to look after
4. Setting, to spend
5. Me to take, me not to go

Exercise 5
1. She can't help eating chocolate whenever she is nervous.
2. He promised to love her forever.
3. They're opposed to oil companies increasing diesel prices again.
4. She can't afford to give her children presents.
5. I'd advise the manager to buy/buying eleven new players.

SPEAKING
Asking for clarification or repetition
Could you say that again, please?
I'm sorry, I didn't quite catch that.
Additional expressions:
What was that again?
Sorry / Pardon?
I'm sorry, what did you say after… ?

Checking the listener understands
Do you see what I mean?
Is everything clear so far?
Additional expressions:
Are you with me?
Does that make sense?
Right / OK?

Giving clarification
Let me put it another way.
What I mean is…
Additional expressions:
The point I'm making is…
In other words…
That's to say…

Confirming understanding
Yes, that's quite clear.
Right, I've got that.
Additional expressions:
I see.
Right / OK


VOCABULARY
Exercise 1
2. a continuing or progressing b connecting
3. a moving away b ending or disconnecting
4. a failing b reducing
5. a moving inwards b participating

Exercise 2
1. In (moving inwards)
2. Up (increasing)
3. Off (disconnecting)
4. Up (finishing)
5. Down (failing)
6. Down (reducing)
7. On (progressing)
8. Up (finishing)
9. Off (moving away)
10. On (connecting)


IDIOMS
Exercise 1
Literally it means adjust their belts to a narrower waist; here it means to spend or use less money because they can't afford as much as before.
Idioms are expressions that are natural to a native speaker of a language and they are typically metaphorical (their meaning is not clear from the meaning of its individual words). They make the speaker or writer's point clear and they are an economical way of getting the point across.

Exercise 2
1. Pay for everyone
2. Neither gain nor lose money
3. Pay 50% each
4. Set aside cash for future needs
5. Use some money already saved
6. Not have much money
The one which is not needed is return stolen money to its owner.

Exercise 3
1. To be rich: He's worth a fortune / They're rolling in it.
2. To waste money: Throw money down the drain / Spend money like water.
3. To have money problems: The company's in the red / He's living on the breadline.
4. To be charged a lot / too much: That cost us an arm and a leg / She paid through the nose for that. / I was ripped off.

EXAM FOCUS
Exercise 2
1. Bright (day): sunny / bright (pupil) / (look on the) bright (side): be cheerful
2. Grows (phrasal verb grow up: to mature; contrast: to become; idiom money grows on trees: money is in endless supply
3. Set (synonym: to assign; phrasal verb set up: to get something working; contrast: to prepare)

WRITING
Exercise 1
1. Style
2. Ideas
3. Ideas; together; paragraph
4. Order; paragraphs
5. Text
6. Comments; text; dislike
7. Text; vocab; linking
8. Length
9. Relevant
10. Errors; punctuation